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中文摘要：
通过博弈模型发现,在信息完全的条件下,由于个体的自利将导致创新投入行为的事前效率低下,而在信息不完全的条件下产生的羊群行为会使得搭便车的企图落空,因而具有改善这种低效困境的作用。接下来将模型参数化,通过实验室实验的方法,以高年级本科生为被试对象,对理论的预测进行实际验证。最终的实验结果表明：①完全信息条件下行动的事前效率是一个逐渐降低的过程,趋于理论的均衡但又不稳定于其上;②羊群行为确实具有积极的激励作用,但也有很大的局限性。
英文摘要：
Firstly by using game model we find that individuals＇ self-interest will lead to low ex-ante efficiency of innovation investment in the complete information environment,but the herd behaviors occurring under the condition of incomplete information may be a possible way to solve this problem because they can make the attempt for free riding come to nothing.Then we parameterize the model,carry out laboratory experiments with senior undergraduates as subjects,and test the theoretical predictions.The final results show that： i） the ex-ante efficiency is a gradual process of reducing under the condition of complete information,it decreases towards the theoretical equilibrium but does not stabilize on it;ii） the herd behaviors actually have a positive incentive effect on improving this puzzle,but there are also some limitations.
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