中文摘要：

针对水华的主要物种——铜绿微囊藻,测定近30种常用绿化植物的浸取液对其增殖的抑制作用,并对其中表现最优的广玉兰样品进行了抑制效果的进一步测定.结果显示,广玉兰叶片浸取物在浓度8.gL-1的条件下对铜绿微囊藻生长的抑制效果最高可达97.4%.在活性测试的基础上利用硅胶柱层析、凝胶柱层析、GC-MS等方法,结合抑藻实验对广玉兰叶片提取物进行了铜绿微囊藻抑制活性物质的分离纯化和结构鉴定.从广玉兰叶片的高活性提取物正丁醇浸膏中分离出2亚-甲基-3羟-基胆甾烷、正三十七醇、25,26二-羟基维生素D3等含羟基物质,7甲-基-3-亚甲基-6-（3丁-酮基）-3,3 a,4,7,8,8 a六-氢化-2H环-庚三烯并[b]呋喃-2酮-、6-[1-（羟甲基）乙烯基]-4,8 a二-甲基-4 a,5,6,7,8,8 a六-氢化-2（1H萘）-酮等酮类物质,以及邻苯二甲酸单（2乙-基）己酯等.

英文摘要：

The organic extracts of some terrestrial plant species were screened for their antialgal activity against Microcystis aeruginose.Among the 30 plant species,the extracts of Magnolia grandflora leaves showed the most remarkable activity（97.4%）.Silica gel and Sephadex LH20 column chromatography were used to isolate and purify the active substances from the M.grandflora leave extracts.Antialgal assays were used to guide the purification.After that,the compounds in the most active sub-fractions were identified by using GC-MS.Large amounts of alcohols（such as 2-methyl-3-hydroxy bile sterane,1-heptatriacotanol and 25,26-dihydroxy-vitamin D3）,ketones（such as 7-methyl-3-methylene-6-（3-methyl ethyl ketene）-3,3a,4,7,8,8a-haxahdro-2H-cyclohepta triene and[b]furan-2-one,6-[1-（hydroxymethyl）-vinyl]-4,8a-dimethyl-4a,5,6,7,8,8a-hexahydro-2（1H）-naphthyl ketone） and lipids（such as mono（2-ethylhexyl）-phthaiate） were identified.The results indicated that these high-content alcohols,ketones and lipids might be the anti-algal substances,seperate or synergistic,in the M.grandflora leaves.This study identified the potential antialgal substances from the M.grandflora.