中文摘要：

土壤-景观关系理论将相对难以获取的土壤信息与一些容易获取的成土环境因素联系起来，使得可以利用这些环境因素推断土壤的空间差异。传统易于获取的环境因素是地貌和植被。然而，在许多平原或地形和缓的地区，地貌-植被条件相同或相似，土壤属性或类型却存在明显的空间差异。对此，以土壤-景观关系理论为基础的土壤信息获取方法难以奏效，如何开发一种新的方法来获取土壤的空间变化信息就成为一个具有挑战性的问题。本文借鉴教育学中的反馈理论，结合遥感对地观测和模式定量分析技术，提出了一种基于特定时段的陆面反馈来获取土壤空间变化的基本思路和实现方法。在黑龙江省中部一个研究区的应用案例，证明了该方法的可行性。在观测时段上，陆面反馈模式之间的差异与土壤亚类之间的差异具有明显的一致性：在相同的地貌一植被条件下，陆面反馈模式不同，土壤类型也不同；陆面反馈模式越相似，土壤类型也越相似。本文为土壤信息获取研究提供了新的视角，可以在很大程度上改变长期以来数字土壤推理过多依赖于地形属性的局限，有助于提高土壤信息获取的准确性。

英文摘要：

Soil-landscape relationship theory relates difficult-to-get soil information with some easy-to-get soil forming environmental factors, making it possible to infer soil information from those environmental factors. Traditional easy-to-get factors are landform and vegetation. However, in many different sites, especially plains and gently undulating topographic areas, landform and vegetation conditions are very similar or even the same while soil conditions have obvious differences. For this situation, those soil information acquisition methods that based on soil-landscape relationship theory are not applicable. A challenging problem is that, how to find a new approach for effectively obtaining information on soil spatial variations. In this paper, based on feedback principle in pedagogy, an approach for deriving soil spatial differences from land surface feedback dynamics through combining remote sensing techniques and pattern recognition and quantification methods was presented. The approach was demonstrated by a case study in a site located in central Heilongjiang Province, China. Therewas remarkable consistency between the spatial differences of land surface dynamic feedback patterns and those of soil types. Our work opened new perspectives for soil information extraction. It could, to a great extent, change the restricted situation that the strong dependence of digital soil mapping on landform attributes, and contribute to improvement on accuracy of soil information acquisition.