中文摘要：

采用实验方法，分别在水平面和冠状面内对第一人称角色和第三人称角色心理旋转进行对比研究。实验结果表明：空间表征转换的角色方式对心理旋转产生显著影响，第三人称角色心理旋转易于第一人称角色心理旋转，即存在心理旋转的角色效应；心理旋转的角色效应并不是在特定旋转条件下才出现的，具有更大的普遍性。

英文摘要：

Introduction The human visual system can represent an object＇s spatial structure using either a fast - person perspective or a third - person perspective. It can also utilize either a first - person or a third - person processing mode to perform mental rotation. Since Shepard and colleagues＇ classical study, experiments over the next 30 years did much to elucidate the basic nature of mental rotation. However, most of the studies only concern about first - person rotation. Third - person rotation has been neglected in the field of mental exploration. Thus, the present study aimed to compare the relative difficulty of first - and third - person rotation of an imagined environment. The hypothesis was that third - person rotation would be easier than first - person rotation in the transverse and coronal planes. Method Two experiments were conducted, each comparing first - and third - person rotation in the transverse plane （Experiment 1 ） and coronal plane （Experiment 2）, respectively. Seventy six right - handed undergraduates （aged between 19 and 21 ） took part in the experiments. Both of the experiments used a 2 （perspective： first - vs. third - person rotation） × 4 （angle） mixed design. Each participant performed either first - or third - person rotation. In the first - person task, participants were asked to imagine themselves rotating in the center of a four - object array to a certain angle and were then asked to guess the position of the object relative to their imagined orientation （Experiment 1： right, left, front, or back; Experiment 2： top, bottom, right, left）. In the third - person task, participants were asked to imagine another person rotating in the center of a four - object array ahead of them to a certain angle and were then asked to guess the position of the object relative to that imagined person＇s orientation after rotation （Experiment 1： right, left, front, or back; Experiment 2： top, bottom, right, left）. Reaction time （measured from the end of