中文摘要：

为研究长江、黄河和辽河中华绒螯蟹养殖种群在相同养殖条件下的成蟹性腺发育和营养组成,采用养殖实验和生化分析方法,比较了池塘养殖条件下3种群雌体的性腺发育情况,在此基础上比较了雌体的可食率、肥满度和可食组织中的营养组成,结果显示：（1）3种群雌体性腺发育速度存在显著差异,性腺发育顺序为辽河种群〉黄河种群〉长江种群,但10月底辽河和黄河种群的卵巢指数无显著差异。（2）在体质量和卵巢指数接近的条件下,3种群雌体膏蟹的肝胰腺指数、出肉率、总可食率和肥满度均无显著差异。（3）3种雌体卵巢、肝胰腺和肌肉中的常规生化成分含量接近,仅长江种群雌体肌肉和肝胰腺中的灰分含量显著高于其他3种群,其他指标均无显著差异。（4）3种群卵巢中脂肪酸组成接近,但长江种群卵巢中C22∶6n3（DHA）百分含量显著高于黄河种群;3种群雌体肝胰腺和肌肉中的脂肪酸组成相近,仅肝胰腺中的C20∶1n9和C20∶4n6含量存在显著差异。（5）长江种群雌体卵巢中的苯丙氨酸、酪氨酸、色氨酸、天冬氨酸和丝氨酸含量均显著高于辽河种群;黄河种群雌体肌肉中大部分必需氨基酸（EAA）和非必需氨基酸（NEAA）含量均为最高,故其总氨基酸（TAA）含量也显著高于其他两个种群。（6）3种群雌体卵巢和肌肉中均无限制性氨基酸,长江种群雌体卵巢和黄河种群雌体肌肉中的平均必需氨基酸分（EAAS）分别最高;整体上,雌体卵巢中的平均EAAS高于肌肉组织。研究表明,长江种群雌体卵巢发育速度最慢,辽河种群相对较快,3种群雌体可食组织中的常规营养成分和脂肪酸含量接近,肌肉中的氨基酸含量存在较大差异,但其卵巢和肌肉中均无限制性氨基酸。

英文摘要：

This study was designed to investigate gonadosomatic index（GSI）,hepatosomatic index（HSI）,meat yield（MY）,total edible yield（TEY） and relative fatness（RF）,and then,their proximate composition,fatty acids and amino acids composition and essential amino acid score were further detected and compared for the three edible parts（gonad,hepatopancreas and muscle） of pond-cultured female Eriocheir sinensis among Yangtze,Huang and Liao River populations. The results are shown as follows：（1） There were significant differences in the speed of ovarian development and GSI among three populations; the Liao River population had the highest GSI while Yangtze population had the lowest GSI during the period of August to end of September among three populations; however,the similar GSI was found between Liao River and Huang River populations in late October.（2） When the females had the similar GSI and body weight,no significant differences were found in HSI,MY,TEY and RF among three populations.（3） Female from three populations had the similar proximate composition for each edible part,while the Yangtze population had the significantly higher ash content in hepatopancreas and muscle than the other two populations.（4） For the fatty acid compositions in the ovaries,Yangtze population had the highest percentage of C22：6n3（DHA） among three populations; except for C20：1n9 and C20：4n6 in the hepatopancreas,three populations females had the similar fatty acid composition in hepatopancreas and muscle.（5）The ovaries of Yangtze population had the significantly higher contents of phenylalanine,tyrosine,tryptophan,aspartic acid and serine than Liao River population; for the amino acid contents in the muscle,Huang River population had the highest contents for most amino acids,leading to the significantly higher total amino acid（TAA） than that of the other two populations.（6） No restrictive amino acids were found in the ovaries or muscle of three populations; the ovaries of Yangtze pop