中文摘要：

绝缘子表面水珠、水膜及降落水滴引起的电场畸变会使电场强度过大从而会引发放电,破坏憎水性,同时对其闪络特性有一定的影响。为此,分析了水滴参数在不同电场旋转角的作用下对水珠表面电场的影响,探究了降落水滴对空间电场及闪络特性的影响。研究结果表明：水珠表面电场畸变特征与原始电场强度方向有关,为优化电场分布可以考虑改变绝缘子空间电场方向,使水珠处于电场旋转角θ较小的电场环境中;染污水滴滴落时空间电场强度增强,高电场强度区域增多,电弧沿着间隙和导电水流发展,可能导致引起高压端直接对车顶击穿;水滴周围电场强度最大值随气流速度的增大而增大,但水滴偏转角会影响闪络路径,因此只有适当的低速气流才会加大绝缘子闪络概率。

英文摘要：

Overstressed electric field intensity caused by water film and water droplets on the surface of wet insulator and landing droplets leads to discharge which will affect the insulator flashover characteristics. Consequently, we analyzed the effect of water droplet＇s parameters on distortion degree of electric field on the surface of water droplets under different electric field rotation angle, and researched the influence of landing water droplets on the space electric field and insulator flashover characteristics. The results show that characteristics of field distortion on the surface of water droplets are relat- ed to direction of the original field strength. And changing direction of the space electric field of insulator can be considered to optimize the electric field distribution for making the surface of the water droplets in a smaller electric field environment. Furthermore, space field intensity is strengthened and area of high field intensity increases in the process of contaminated water landing. And development of electrical arc along the clearance and conductive water may cause high voltage side to be broken down directly. In addition, the maximum field intensity around water droplets increases with the increasing of air velocity, but the deflection angle of water droplet will affect the flashover path. So only an appropriate low speed air flow will increase the probability of insulator flashover.