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中文摘要：
为研究列车升弓过程弓网电弧的外在形态特性,基于弓网电弧试验系统和高速COMS（complementary metal oxide semiconductor）相机图像采集系统采集了弓网电弧图像,分析了弓网电弧燃烧过程的运动机理,并利用数字图像处理技术对图像进行了图像增强、边缘检测、灰度等值线绘制等处理,进而又计算了电弧面积,分析了输入电流对电弧面积的影响。结果表明：静态弓网燃弧过程一般经历触发—扩散—稳定燃弧—再次扩散—熄弧5个阶段,形貌呈椭圆形;图像增强、边缘检测和灰度等值线绘制分别对弓网电弧实现了能量辐射范围的显示、局部形态的精确提取和温度梯度与等离子体密度梯度的描述;电弧面积随输入电流的增大而显著增大,但并不与电流的二次方成正比;输入电流越大,电弧达到稳定燃烧所需时间越短。以上结论为进一步研究高速铁路弓网电弧外部形态特性和内部等离子体参数提供了理论基础。
英文摘要：
In order to study the external form characteristics of pantograph-catenary arc during the process of rising pantograph,the images of the pantograph-catenary arc are collected based on the pantograph-catenary arc test device and high-speed COMS（complementary metal oxide semiconductor）camera. The movement mechanism of the process when arc burn is analyzed and the digital image process technology is used for image enhancement, edge detection and gray contour plotting. And the arc area is calculated, the influence of current on the area of arc is analyzed. The results show that static pantograph-catenary arc generally experiences five phases：triggering-diffusion-stable combustion-diffusion-extinction,and arc profile is elliptical; the image enhancement,edge detection and gray contour plotting realize the display of the energy emission range, the accurate local the feature extraction and the description of temperature gradient and plasma density gradient for pantograph-catenary arc. The arc area increases with the traction current increasing significantly,but not in direct proportion to the square of traction current. The time that arc achieves to the steady burning state gets shorter as the traction current gets larger. The conclusions above provide a theoretical basis for further researches on the external form characteristics and internal plasma parameters of pantograph-catenary arc in high-speed train.
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