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中文摘要：
电源问题是制约无线传感器网络大规模应用的关键因素。文章围绕延长无线传感器网络工作周期,以结点微能源自供电为研究对象,分别从微能源采集、能量存储和能量供给3方面对无线传感器网络中的微能源自供电技术展开讨论。分析了结点微能源采集及管理技术现状,提出解决无线传感器能源问题要从能量采集入手,通过高效存储和节能降耗等技术使传感器结点实现能量自给自足;同时,对无线传感器网络中各种能量采集的原理与方法、锂离子电池与超级电容器等储能技术的运用及发展方向、微能源供给方案及降低能耗的措施进行了详细分析。
英文摘要：
Power supply problems are the key factor in restricting the large-scale applications of wireless sensor networks（WSNs）.This paper centers on the issue of how to prolong the network＇s lifetime.Discussions were presented from three aspects separately,in terms of micro-power harvesting,conservation and supplying in WSNs.Recent technical developments of micro-power harvesting and management were analyzed,we thus pointed out that micro-power energy harvesting should be put in the first place when dealing with power problems.Combining with efficient conservation techniques and measures for energy saving and consumption reduction,self-sufficiency of sensor nodes can be achieved.Also,in this paper,as regards WSNs,many state-of-the art and main stream technologies about energy storage,energy supplying and consumption reduction were presented,including some necessary principles,prototypes,each merit,demerit and directions of development.
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