中文摘要：

依据微粒碰撞产生声波的机理，运用频谱分析法，系统地研究航天电子设备多余物噪声检测过程中各操作变量和微粒物理参数对声波频谱的影响。通过单因素试验，详细分析了微粒粒径、微粒材质属性、振动力学条件中加速度和频率等4个因素对声音信号频谱分布的影响规律。同时，采用正交试验法确定了关键影响因素为微粒材质属性，并提出了微粒材质和粒径识别的可行性。该结果为进一步识别多余物微粒的参数提供了指导依据。

英文摘要：

According to the mechanism of sound generation and the method of spectral analysis, the influ-I ences of the operation variables and particle physical parameters on acoustie spectrum are investigated systematically in the particle impact noise detection （PIND） for aerospace devices. The particle size, physical property, acceleration and frequency of vibration conditions are considered as four factors affecting acoustic signals, and the effect laws of them are presented. The physical property is determined as the key factor, and the feasibilityI of particle size and material identification is confirmed using the orthogonal test method. The results are of great value for identification of particles.