中文摘要：

电力产业具备典型的自然垄断性,市场化改革是各国电力产业发展的必经之路。发达国家由于先发优势,拥有较成熟的市场机制和丰富的改革经验。本文通过综合分析美国、英国、日本和澳大利亚4个典型发达国家的电力产业改革,梳理其市场化改革进程、现行市场机制和市场模式等的特点,以期为我国现行的电力产业改革提供借鉴和指导。

英文摘要：

For most countries,the market-oriented reform is a key way to develop their electricity industry due to its typical natural monopoly of this industry.Generally,developed countries own better market mechanisms and are experienced in innovation since they are pioneers.Comprehensive analysis of the power industry reform in four typical developed countries,which are the US,Britain,Japan and Australia,is given in this paper.We retrospect their processes of market-oriented reform,extract the feature of their current market mechanisms and market pattern in order to provide significant guidance for the current power reform in China.