中文摘要：

针对船舶航速优化中的营运成本和CO_2及污染物排放2个互相矛盾的关键因素,提出一种基于理想点多目标优化的船舶最优航速求解方案。分别通过极小化营运成本和排放得到船舶的最小营运成本和最小排放解决方案,运用线性加权法求得营运成本和排放的Pareto最优解集。应用范数概念,通过Minkowski距离从Pareto前沿寻求权衡最优解,并根据权衡最优解对应的营运成本和排放求解对应的最佳航速。利用实船观测数据进行对比,表明该模型可进一步控制船舶营运成本和CO_2及污染物排放,验证了该方法的可行性及合理性。该航速优化方法的最大优点是能对不同船舶或不同航线的航速实现自动计算,无需人为干涉或借鉴专家知识。

英文摘要：

Minimum ship emissions and minimum cost are conflicting with each other when optimizing sailing speed and the two objectives can not be achieved simultaneously. The utopia point multi-objective optimization is presented to calculate the optimal ship speed. The utopia ship speeds are determined by minimum emissions and minimum cost individually. The concept of Minkowski distance is employed to calculate the best ship speed which guarantees that emissions and cost are as close as possible to the utopia performance point associated with the utopia speeds. The actual ship observation data is used to validate the optimization results, which shows that this method is feasible and rational to control the ship costs and emis- sions effectively. The main advantage of this ship speed optimization method is that the optimal speed can be automatically calculated for different vessels and different shipping routes without manual intervention or expertise knowledge.