中文摘要：

通过感应熔炼制备La0.65RE0.10Mg0.25Ni3.5Si0.15（RE=La,Ce,Pr,Nd,Sm）合金。采用X射线衍射方法分析了合金的相结构,研究了其电化学性能,并采用电化学阻抗谱分析了合金电极的放氢动力学特性。研究结果表明,合金是以LaNi5、LaNi3为主相的多相结构,同时合金中少量的Si元素与Mg和Ni元素形成了少量的Mg2Si相和Ni2Si相。Ce,Pr,Nd,Sm部分替代La以后,合金的放电容量下降,Ce的替代使合金容量大幅度降低。对于本系列合金,La被其他稀土元素部分替代后,合金经过100次循环后的容量保持率略有下降,但除了Pr元素以外,变化值均较小。合金电极的电化学阻抗谱分析表明,中低频区的容抗弧半径依次为Ce〉La〉Nd〉Sm〉Pr,这表明采用Nd、Sm、Pr替代La后合金电极在碱液中放电过程电荷传递电阻Rct减小,即合金表面活性增加,但Ce替代却导致Rct急剧增大,这可能与Ce在碱液中易形成氧化物降低了合金的表面活性有关。

英文摘要：

La0.65RE0.10Mg0.25Ni3.5Si0.15（RE=La,Ce,Pr,Nd,Sm）alloys were prepared by inductive melting.The crystal structure and the electrochemical properties of the alloys were investigated systematically.And the electrochemical impedance responses were used to study the hydrogen desorption kinetic of the alloys.The results of the analyzed structure showed that the alloys were composed of multi-phase structures with LaNi5,LaNi3 and Mg2Si,Ni2Si phases.When La was partly substituted by Ce,Pr,Nd,Sm respectively,the discharge capacity was decrease,especially Ce.For this series alloys,the capacity retention rate after 100 cycles had a little decrease when La was substituted partly by RE,except that for Pr.The EIS study results showed that the diameter of the semicircle in the middle frequency region was CeLaNdSmPr in turn.The charge transfer resistance Rct of the alloy electrodes was reduced when RE= Nd,Sm,Pr respectively,it indicated that the electrocatalytic activity of the electrode surface was increased.But Rct was sharply enlarged when RE=Ce.