中文摘要：

从我国环境过度污染的特征和成因出发，提出了两个重要命题：中国环境管理的效率损失是政府失灵明显高于市场失灵；经济快速增长过程中存在着环境污染的基准性损失和过度性损失，并区分由市场失灵和政府失灵导致的过度性污染损失Ⅰ和Ⅱ。根除环境过度性污染，要以科学发展现为指导，树立环境优先的原则，加快环境管理的机制和政策创新。

英文摘要：

The authors point out two important theoretical propositions on the basis of the features and causes of excessive environmental pollution in China. One is that governmental failure is more severe than market＇s; the other is that there exist normal and excessive losses. Simultaneously, we distinguish between the excessive losses Ⅰ and Ⅱ. To resolve the problems of excessive pollution, we must accelerate the innovations in the mechanism and policy of environmental management, guided by the concept of scientific development and the principle of environment superiority.