中文摘要：

表观遗传学近年来备受关注，它主要是指在细胞表型中不依赖于DNA序列改变所产生的可遗传改变。研究已证实，在肿瘤的发生发展中，表观遗传学改变也起到关键作用，尤其是抗癌基因的DNA甲基化、组蛋白乙酰化修饰以及部分抗癌microRNA的失调等表观遗传学改变在肿瘤演进中意义重大。在深入研究这些机制的同时，抗肿瘤治疗的转化研究也逐渐开展并取得了一定成效。本文将从DNA甲基化、组蛋白乙酰化修饰和microRNA调控等方面阐述表观遗传学在抗肿瘤研究中的具体机制，以及由此开展的转化医学研究等内容进行综述。

英文摘要：

Recently, epigenetic has been concerned more and more. The epigenetie mainly refers to the genetic alter- ation, but not depends on DNA sequence. Some studies have found that in the progress of tumorigenesis the epigenetic has played some significant roles including anti -cancer gene DNA methylation, histone aeetylation and some anti - cancer microRNAs imbalance. While these mechanisms are studied ,the transformation studies of anti -cancer therapy are gradually carried out and achieved some results. This article will review from DNA methylation, histone acetylation and microRNA regulation the specific epigenetic mechanisms and translational medicine research of anti - cancer.