中文摘要：

通过对云南省5个地（市）的调研，从生态经济学的角度予以分析，认为退耕还林实际上是在一个特定生态经济系统中实施的工程，对国家和农户而言，最大的利益就是生态环境的改善以及在此基础上的经济稳定与持续发展；在市场经济条件下实现利益最大化的途径是按照“生态建设产业化，产业发展生态化”的思路行事。并依照生态经济复合系统要素配置的原则。从技术与政策分析的角度。提出进行树种选择、造林模式配置以及引入市场机制对接政府管理机制、增加政府财政补贴的弹性等建议。

英文摘要：

The implementation of the ＂Converting Cultivated Land to Forest＂ is actually a game between the government and the concerned farmers. Each part of the game is a rational economic man in the game who expects to gain the maximum benefits by the minimum cost. Based on analyzing the data obtained by typical investigation into related farmers in 5 prefectures or municipalities in Yunnan Province from eco - economics point of view, it was put forward that the maximum benefit pursued by either the government or the concerned farmers would be the overall improvement of the ecological environment, and successively the stable and sustainable economic development. ＇ Making the ecological construction industrialized and undertaking the industrial development ecologically＇ would be the approach to maximize the benefits under the market economy conditions, and each subsystem in the integrated ecoeconomic system should be run respectively according to ecological, economic and technical laws. It was proposed that the tree species and forestation models must be selected in the light of the principles and methodology related to systematic element disposition, and some suggestions such as introducing market mechanism to succeed government administration, reinforcing the flexibility of financial subsidies from the government were put forward.