中文摘要：

目的应用基于体素分析（voxel—basedanalysis，VBA）方法对肌萎缩侧索硬化（amyotrophiclateralsclerosis，ALS）患者弥散张量成像（diffusiontensorimaging，DTI）全脑白质与灰质微观结构改变特点进行研究。方法使用SiemensTrioTim3．0TMRI对ALS组和正常对照组（各12例）分别进行静息态DTI和3D-T，wI扫描。DTI数据在DiffusionToolkit软件预处理后，基于Matlab2009a平台在统计参数图（SPMS）下对经基于体素形态学（voxel—basedmorphometry，VBM8）工具获取的自质和灰质信息调制后的各向异性分数（fractionalanisotropy，FA）、表观扩散系数（apparentdiffusioncoefficient，ADC）、轴向弥散（axialdiffusivity，AD）和横向弥散（radialdiffusivity，RD）进行统计分析，分别比较2组脑白质区和灰质区的FA值、ADC值、AD值和RD值改变。结果相对于健康志愿者，ALS患者FA值降低的脑区主要分布在双侧额叶、双侧枕叶、左侧小脑、左侧脑干区等白质区；右侧额叶、右侧枕叶、左侧辅助运动区、左侧小脑及双侧基底节等灰质区（P〈O．05，FDR校正，簇≥10个体素）。ALS患者ADC值升高主要分布在双侧额叶、右侧枕叶及顶叶、左侧颞叶、右侧扣带回等白质区；右侧壳核／额叶区、右侧枕下叶、右侧壳核、左侧海马旁回等灰质区（P〈O．05，FDR校正，簇≥10个体素）。ALS患者AD值升高的脑区主要分布在双侧额叶、右侧颞叶、双侧内囊区和右侧扣带回／胼胝体等白质区；双侧额叶、右侧枕叶、右侧岛叶及基底节等灰质区（P〈0．05，FDR校正，簇≥10个体素）。ALS患者RD值升高的脑区主要分布在右侧额叶（放射冠）、左侧额叶（放射冠）／内囊区、双侧颞叶、双侧脑干、右侧内囊区等白质区；左侧颞下叶、双侧基底节等灰质区（fP〈O．05，FDR校正，簇≥10个体素）。全脑未见显著FA值升高区域，全脑未及显著ADC值、AD值和RD值?

英文摘要：

Abstract：Objective To evaluate the microstructure changes in patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis {ALS} by voxel-based analysis （VBA） based on diffusion tensor imaging （DTI）. Methods Twelve patients with ALS （ALS group） and 12 age-, and sex- matched healthy controls {HC group） were examined by diffusion tensor and 3D-T1 weighted imaging I T1WI} on Siemens Trio Tim 3.0T. The data preprocessing was performed using diffusion Toolkit, and 3D-T WI structural imaging were segmented and normal- ized by voxel-based morphometry {VBM8） with DARTEL tool,then acquired white matter and gray matter space information was modulated by Jacobian determinant to DTI index maps like fractional anisotropy （FA}, apparent diffusion coefficient （ADC}, axial diffusivity {AD） and radial diffusivity {RD} map,normalized to the template,smoothed and then statistical analysis in Matlab2009a working station by statistical parametric mapping （SPM8 }. Results In ALS group,FA values in white matter of the bilaterally fron- tal lobe,bilaterally occipital lobe,left brainstem and left cerebellum were lower than those in control group with statistically signifi- cant differences;FA values in gray matter of right frotal lobe, right occipital lobe,left supplementary motor area {SMA） ,left cerebel and bilaterally basal ganglia were lower than those in control group with statistically significant differences （P〈0. 05, corrected by FDR）. ADC values in white matter of the bilaterally frontal lobe, right occipital lobe, right parietal lobe, left temporal lobe and right cingulate gyrus were higher than those in control group with statistically significant differences; ADC values in gray matter of right putamen/frotal lobe, right occipital lobe, left putamen, left parahippoeampus were higher than those in control group with statistically significant differences P〈0.05, corrected by FDR）. AD values in white matter of the bilaterally frontal lobe, right temporal lobe, bilaterally capsula interna and right cinguli gyri