人们对各种社会职业角色的信任水平能够在一定程度上反映其对相应行业的信任程度。已有研究表明,普遍信任存在代际传递现象.那么对具体职业角色的特殊信任水平是否也表现出代际传递呢?本研究采用职业角色信任量表测量了183个城市家庭中的父亲、母亲和青少年子女的角色信任水平,以检验父母的角色信任水平是否影响子女的信任水平。结果表明:(1)父亲和母亲对不同职业角色的信任水平表现出正相关,但对警察、学生、医生、政府官员和记者等角色的信任评分表现出父亲低于母亲;(2)青少年仅在对政府官员的信任评价上表现出性别差异,男生评价低于女生,在其他角色的信任上不存在性别差异;(3)父母对子女角色信任的影响因子女性别不同而表现出差异,同时,父亲和母亲产生影响的职业角色也不同。其中,男生父亲对教师、法官、政府官员、新闻记者等的信任评价能够预测儿子对相应角色的信任,但女生父亲的信任水平不影响女儿:母亲对维修人员的信任评价影响儿子的角色信任,而对教师和警察的信任则只影响女儿的角色信任。
Role Trust Scale was developed to measure individual's trust in some social role such as teach- er, doctor, policemen. The present study examined the validity and reliability of the scale based on two samples consisting of 310 adults and 199 adolescents. Results showed that: (1) The validity and reliability of the Role Trust Scale met the psychometrical criteria and it could be applied to the future studies; (2) The role trust of male adult was significantly lower than that of female adult; while there was no gender difference in the sample of adolescent; (3) The role trust of adult was significantly lower than that of ado- lescent.