中文摘要：

介绍了一种基于Mach-Zehnder光纤干涉仪原理的分布式光纤管道泄漏检预警技术，利用与管道同沟敷设的光缆中的3条单模光纤构成分布式光纤微振动传感器检测管道沿线的振动信号，可以有效地检测管道沿线所发生的泄漏和异常事件。阐述了检测系统的组成和工作原理，分析了检测系统定位结构和方法。采用小波软阈值消噪对现场检测信号进行处理，可以有效地消除噪声和提高检测灵敏度。理论分析和测试结果表明，该测试技术具有较高的测试灵敏度和定位精度。

英文摘要：

A new distributed optical fiber pipeline leakage detection and pre-warning technology based on Mach-Ze-hnder optical fiber interferometer is introduced. In this detection system, an optical cable was laid along the pipeline in the same ditch and three single mode optical fibers in the optical cable were used to build up the distributed microvibration measurement sensor. The vibration signals caused by leakage or other abnormal events can be detected efficiently. The composition and operating principle of the system is described, the location structure and method are al- so analyzed. Wavelet soft threshold denoising method is used to analyze the detection signals acquired on field; the background noise of the detection signals is eliminated effectively, and the detection sensitivity is greatly increased. Theory analysis and experiment result show that the proposed detection technology has high measurement sensitivity and location precision.