中文摘要：

错误正波（error positivity,Pe）是指在错误反应后200～600ms后出现的事件相关电位（ERP）的正偏转,对Pe的研究有助于揭示人类错误加工机制的全貌。现有研究表明Pe主要产生于前扣带回喙部,但不同的研究对其精细神经发生源并没有达成一致。Pe的功能意义解释主要有错误意识假说、行为适应假说、情绪评估假说。当根据有关P3的理论来解释Pe的功能意义时,Pe可能反映了对错误背景的刷新。然而上述每一种对Pe的功能意义的解释都还受到了一些研究结果的质疑和挑战。基于此,作者对现有研究存在的问题进行了总结和分析,并对今后如何对Pe的神经发生源和功能意义的进一步研究提出了建议。

英文摘要：

Error positivity（Pe） refers to positive deflection of event-related potentials approximately 200～600 ms after an errant response.Researches in this aspect will help reveal the mechanisms of human error processing.Current evidence shows that Pe mainly arises from the rostral anterior cingulate cortex,but different studies fail to reach a consensus on its precise neutral generator.Hypotheses of functional significance of Pe include error awareness,behaviour adaptation,and emotional assessment.When interpreted in light with P3-related theories,Pe may reflect updating of the error context.However,each of these interpretations have been questioned and challenged by some researchers.In view of this,this paper summarizes and analyzes some problems of the existing studies,and offers some suggestions regarding the neutral generator and functional significance of Pe for further study.