中文摘要：

原生高砷地下水已对人类健康构成了极大威胁，许多国家和地区对此进行了较深入的研究。在阅读国内外大量文献资料的基础上，全面系统地总结了世界范围内原生高砷地下水概况、砷富集环境和砷来源、分析方法和技术、砷富集机理以及高砷区水源安全保障技术等。提出了高砷地下水研究的主要发展方向，包括：含水介质中砷形态研究、微生物影响下含水层中砷的释放研究、同位素技术在高砷地下水研究中的应用以及高砷饮用水安全保障技术研究等。

英文摘要：

High As groundwater has had a significantly negative impact on human health. Therefere, many scientists from different countries or regions have made great efforts on chemical characteristics of As groundwater and mechanisms of its occurrence. Based on comprehensive review of related literatures, this paper systematically summarized the worldwide overview of high As groundwater, groundwater As-enriched environment and As resource, analytic methods and technologies for As speciation, mechanisms of As mobilization, and strategies for drinking water safety in As-affected areas. States of the art of related studies mainly focus on As speciation of sediments in As-affected aquifers, arsenic mobilization mediated by microbes, application of isotopic techniques in recognizing As source and transfer, and technologies for As drinking water safety.