中文摘要：

木政及其伴随的木役和徭役历史可追溯春秋战国。大部分木政地区经济社会和生态遭受大灾难：财耗竭，人减少，树伐光。司法经济自主权、充分市场利用、人造林关键技术、劳动广泛参与四原因，使得清水江流域免于、幸于，甚至兴于清朝木政，并导致流域发达的木业经济及其制度化。清水江流域木政到木业经济及其演变，记录了国家政策和地方实践的良性互动，并衍生民族区域自治萌芽历史，为资源富集的欠发达地区的市场化和经济社会发展提供了历史经验和制度参考。

英文摘要：

Timber administration and the relevant corvee can date to the Spring and Autumn Period. Most areas involved experienced socio-economic and ecological damages in terms of sharp decreases in revenue, population and forests. The Qingshui River Basin areas, how- ever, fortunately survived the damages and even developed on the basis of timber trade dur- ing the Qing Dynasty due to factors of legal and economic sovereignty, full use of the mar- ket, critical forestry technology and wide participation, leading to the flourishing of timber economy and its institutionalization in the areas. The timber administration and its economic changes revealed the positive interaction between national policy and local practice, broo- ding ethnic regional autonomy, which provided historical experience institutional support to resource-rich but economically underdeveloped areas in terms of marketization and socio-e- conomic development.