中文摘要：

土壤有机质的含量和组成可以影响重金属在土壤中的积累，也可以通过与土壤重金属形成络合物来影响土壤重金属的迁移转化过程、生物有效性及其环境效应．本文在阐述土壤有机质组分的划分和重金属的形态分类方法的基础上，探讨了土壤有机质与土壤重金属积累及其有效性的关系，分析了土壤有机质及其组分对土壤重金属形态的影响，以期为土壤重金属污染的生态过程及其修复技术研究提供指导．

英文摘要：

The content and composition of soil organic matter can not only affect the accumulation of heavy metals in soil, but also influence the process of transportation and transformation, bioavailability and other environmental effects of heavy metals in soil. Based on expounding analytical methods of composition of organic matter and chemical speciation of soil heavy metal, the relationship of soil organic matter and the accumulation and availability of soil heavy metal was discussed, and the influence of soil organic matter and its composition on the chemical speciation of soil heavy metal was analysed in this paper, in order to provide a guidance for the study of ecological process and remediation technology of soil heavy metal.