中文摘要：

在极端干旱条件下,以成龄无核白葡萄为研究材料,采用滴灌,利用压力室、水势仪对不同水分处理下葡萄园土壤-植物-大气连续体（SPAC）的水势梯度及相关因子进行了连续同步测定。结果表明,在空间水平上,葡萄园SPAC各要素水势由土壤到植物再到大气逐步下降,随着灌溉定额增加相临界面水势差增大。在时间序列上,葡萄园SPAC各要素水势的日变化和连日变化均呈下降趋势,下降的幅度以大气最大,叶片次之,土壤最小;叶片水势与大气水势日变化波峰出现于16：00,土壤水势的下降幅度随土层由浅而深逐渐减小;在影响葡萄园SPAC水势的环境因子中,叶片水势和土壤水势相关性显著,其中中水处理下的土壤与大气水势以及叶片水势与大气水势的相关性要高于其他2个水分处理,且灌溉定额增大使土壤与叶片之间、叶片与大气之间以及大气与土壤之间水势差增大。

英文摘要：

In the extreme drought conditions, the mature Thompson Seedless grapes as research material, the use of drip irrigation technology, the use of the pressure chamber, water potential under different water treatment device on vineyard soil-plant-atmosphere continuum （SPAC） and associated water potential gradient factor on the continuously measured simultaneously, the results show that： in the space level, the vineyards SPAC water potential of the various elements of the atmosphere from the soil into the plant and then gradually declined, with the irrigation quota increase of potential difference between adjacent interface increases. In time sequence, the vineyards at SPAC water potential of the various elements of change and changes in the past few days were decreased, the decrease in the atmosphere the most, followed by leaves, soil minimum; leaf water potential and water potential changes in the atmosphere peaks seen in the 16.00 with the decline of soil water potential of soil decreased from shallow to deep; of pine forest in the SPAC water potential environmental factors, leaf water potential and soil water potential relationship was significant, in the treatment of soil and atmospheric water potential and leaf water potential and atmospheric correlation between water potential is higher than the other two water treatment and irrigation quota increased to between soil and leaves, between leaf and atmosphere, and atmospheric and soil water potential difference between the increase.