中文摘要：

航空网络是联系大中城市的快速交通方式，而航班时刻是机场和航空公司的关键资源，解析其时空网络有助于揭示航空资源的配置模式。基于航班时刻的概念界定，以北京首都国际机场为研究对象，采用定量方法，从时间和空间维度，刻画航班时刻的时空配置网络和分异结构，考察机场时刻资源配置的一般特征和规律。首先从时间维度，选择不同航段单位，分析航班时刻资源的时间配置特征与规律，重点揭示其时间结构分异与形成机制；然后从空间维度，分析航班资源牵系的航空联系网络，对其时间特征进行刻画，考察其时空分异的基本特征；最后从航空公司维度，对航班时刻资源的时间一空间配置进行深入考察，探讨各航空公司在不同航段和联系方向上的市场优势。研究表明，航班时刻资源具有时间异质性，形成黄金航段、高峰航段、低谷航段等时刻类型分异；航班联系存在明显的空间分异，具有集中分布的特征，与城市发展等因素的不平衡相关；不同航段的航班联系网络，在覆盖范围和集中度上存在明显差异；航空公司间存在分异的市场结构，大致形成四个层级。本研究丰富了交通地理的理论研究，可为机场航空资源的优化配置提供指导。

英文摘要：

Aviation network is an express transport mode to link the cities, and the flight schedule is one of the major resources of airports and airlines. And examining the temporal-spatial network of flight schedule is an import approach to reveal the allocation mode of airport and aviation resources. Based on the conceptual definition of flight schedule, we choose Beijing International Airport as the study subject, and describe qualitatively the network mode of flight schedules and their differentiation structure from the perspectives of temporal and spatial dimensions to reveal the common characters and regularities of flight schedule resources for hub airport. First, from the perspective of temporal dimension, we choose different time intervals to analyze temporal distribution of flight schedules, especially its differentiation structure and developing mechanism. Second, we discuss the linkage network of flight schedules from the view of spatial dimension and the differentiation among different time intervals. Thirdly, from the dimension of airline, we probe the temporal-spatial regularities of flight schedules and analyze the advantages of major airlines in different flight intervals and cities. The results show that the flight schedule has temporal heterogeneous attribution and shapes into different types, such as the gold segment, peak segment, trough segment and so on. There is an obvious spatial differentiation in the schedule linkage network, with the aggregated distribution characteristics, which is related to the imbalance of urban development. The flight linkage network on each segment has significant differences in coverage scope and concentration degree. Differential market structure exists between airlines, which presents four levels. This study enriches the theory of transport geography, and provides guidance for the optimization of aviation resources.