中文摘要：

针对小尺度遗址区内遗迹点空间分布特征研究较少的问题,以河南仰韶村文化遗址为研究区,采用GIS空间分析方法,提取遗迹点的环境参数,统计分析得出其主要特征,并计算得出遗迹点的分布结构和地理集中度。结果显示,遗迹点高程一般为590～650 m,坡度为1.7°～5.1°,坡向值为112.5°～202.5°,距河流距离为250～350 m。这表明古人类选择生产生活地址时,通常选择坡度平缓、坡向以东南和南朝向为主、地势具有一定高度且距离河流稍近的区域。遗迹点空间分布结构类型为凝聚型,且地理集中度高,这表明古人类倾向于群居生活。

英文摘要：

Little attention has been paid to the study on the distribution of relic points of cultural sites of small scale.This study took the archaeological remains of Yangshao village site as the research object,the relevant environment variables were obtained by spatial analysis in GIS.The structure of distribution and the geographic concentration of remains were calculated.The results show that the altitude of remains was main between 590 t0650 meters,the slope was mainly between 1.7 to 5.1 degrees,the aspect was mainly between 112.5 to 202.5 degrees,the distance to river was mainly between 250 to 350 meters. This indicates that when the ancient human chose the place of production and life,they often selected those of gentle slope,towards southeast and south,with certain altitude and close to river.The type of structure of distribution of remains was condensing,and the geographic concentration was high,which indicates that the ancient human beings preferred living in groups.