中文摘要：

以粉煤灰（coalflyash，FA）为原料，与硫酸铈和无水碳酸钠混合经高温焙烧制得Ce／Na2CO3／FA复合材料用于模拟废水中Cd^2＋的吸附研究，考察了溶液pH、起始cCd^2＋浓度、吸附时间及温度等因素对吸附的影响，探讨了吸附动力学、平衡和热力学。结果表明：Ce／Na2CO3／FA复合吸附剂对溶液中浓度为500mg·L-1的Cd^2＋在pH为6．0、25℃下接触时间为120min时的去除率可达98％，且在不同温度下的吸附过程均符合准二级吸附动力学方程，吸附速率随温度升高而增大，求得表观活化能为44．59kJ·mol^-1。Ce／Na2CO3／FA对Cd^2＋在不同温度（25℃～45℃）下的吸附行为均可用Langmuir等温式进行很好地描述，吸附系数b和饱和吸附量qmax均随温度升高而增大，相应值的变化分别在0．606L·mg^-1～0．0944L·mg^-1和80．00mg·g^-1～95．24mg·g^-1之间。所得热力学参数AG、AH和AS的值表明吸附具有自发、吸热、熵增的特性。

英文摘要：

Ce/Na2CO3/FA composite adsorbent, which was prepared by mixing raw coal fly ash （FA） with cerium sul- fate and sodium carbonate using high temperature calcine method, was used for the removal of cadmium ions from aqueous so- lution. The effects of some operational parameters such as the time required for the sorption equilibrium, solution pH, initial Cd2＋ concentration and temperature on adsorption were investigated. The results show that the Ce/Na2COJFA adsorbent is good at adsorbing Cd2＋ with removal rate of 98% under the conditions of 10 g L-1 sorbent dosage, initial solution pH of 6.0, initial Cd2＋ concentration of 500 mg L-1 and contact time of 120 min at 25 ℃. The kinetic data follows the pseudo - second - order kinetic model at different temperatures, and adsorption rate increases with increase of temperature and adsorp- tion activation energy is 44.59 kJ mol-1. The equilibrium data can be described by the Langmuir sorption isotherm equation over the entire concentration range （40 - 1600 mg L-1 ）. The affinity constant （b） and maximum adsorption capacity （ qmax ） increase from 0. 606 to O. 0944 L mg-1 and 80. 00 mg g-1 to 0.0944 L mg- 1 and 95.24 L mg- 1 respectively when temperature increases from 25℃ to 45℃. Thermodynamic parameters such as AG, AH and AS have been calculated. The thermodynamics of Cd2＋/Ce/Na2CO3/FA system indicates spontaneous and endothermic nature of the process. Ce/ Na2 CO3/FA adsorbent was shown to be a promising material for adsorption of Cd2~ from aqueous solutions.