中文摘要：

运用基于核磁共振的植物代谢组学技术对不同发育阶段的款冬花蕾进行了代谢组学分析。首先采用1D和2DNMR图谱对款冬样品的核磁图谱进行了结构指认，共鉴定了40个代谢产物；随后核磁数据导入SMCA—P软件，进行了多元统计分析。主成分分析结果显示，不同发育阶段的款冬花蕾能很好的分开，且呈逐步变化趋势；其中10月、11月、12月的样品在散点图上距离较近，说明这三个时期花蕾的代谢组成接近；而9月（发育初期）和3月（开花后）采集的款冬花样品相距较远，说明这两个阶段的样品化学差异性很大；款冬中的代表性成分含量动态变化柱状图揭示，随着花蕾的发育，蔗糖的含量逐渐降低，到开花后达到最低，而款冬酮的含量逐渐升高，到开花后达到最高。本研究结果与中医传统用药经验是一致的，即花蕾发育初期和开花后其代谢产物组成与传统采收期差异较大，均不能人药。此外，单一款冬酮不能代表款冬花的止咳化痰药效物质基础，其药效的发挥是多种成分协同作用的结果。

英文摘要：

NMR-based metabolomics were used to investigate the metabolites of Tussilago fa~fara L. at different growth stages. Using 1D and 2D NMR spectra, 34 polar metabolites and 6 apolar metabolites were assigned. The 1H NMR data were then subjected to principal component analysis and the results showed clear separation of all the different stages of T. farfara L. Samples of October, November and December were in close proximity on the plot, indicating similar metabolome of these periods ; samples from September （ early development） and March （after flowering） were far away, showing significant chemical differences. With bud development, sucrose content gradually decreased and reached the lowest after flowering; tussilagone level gradually increased to the highest after flowering. The result of this study was in accordance with the traditional use of this herbal medicine. Metabolites of the early and flowering stages were quite different from those of the traditional harvest time, suggesting that they could not be used as traditional medicine. In addition, antitussive and expectorant effects were the results of synergistic effects of a variety of ingredients.