中文摘要：

通过聚乙烯醇（PVA）与甲醛缩醛化反应过程中加入壳聚糖／PVA共混液，制备壳聚糖改性缩醛化PVA海绵，研究了发泡剂、壳聚糖用量对海绵的孔隙形貌、吸水率、吸水速率、膨胀率及力学性能的影响，将海绵作为白兔损伤鼻腔的填塞止血材料，研究了白兔鼻腔术后的止血效果及对鼻黏膜功能恢复的影响．结果表明：壳聚糖改性缩醛化PVA海绵具有相互连通的孔隙，大孔壁间还具有小孔，壳聚糖吸附在孔内表面；增加发泡剂用量使孔径增大，从而使海绵的吸水率、膨胀率提高，但吸水速率变化不大，拉伸强度和压缩模量降低；增加壳聚糖用量使海绵的孔径和连通性减小，吸水率、膨胀率、吸水速率降低，但拉伸强度和压缩模量逐步提高．白兔鼻腔术后观察表明，壳聚糖改性缩醛化PVA海绵可消炎、抗粘连、促进鼻黏膜愈合和功能恢复．

英文摘要：

The polyvinyl aeetal sponge modified by ehitosan was prepared by adding ehitosan/polyvinyl alcohol （PVA） solution during the acetalation reaction of PVA and formaldehyde. The effect of the content of vesicant and chitosan to the pore morphology, water absorbability, absorbed speed of water, expanding time and mechanical properties were studied. The polyvinyl acetal sponge modified by chitosan was used as hemostasia packing material for the traumatized rabbit nasal. The hemostasia effect and the healing effect to nasal mucosa after the nasal cavity surgical were investigated. The result indicated that polyvinyl acetal sponge modified by chitosan had interconnected pore and the wall between large pores also had small pore. The chitosan attached on the inner surface of the pores. With increased content of the vesicant, the pore diameter increased, leading to the increase in water absorbability and expanding time, but the absorbed speed of water changed little and the decrease of tensile strength and compression strength were observed. With increased content of the chitosan, the pore diameter and interconnection of the sponge reduced. Water absorbability, expanding time and absorbed speed of water decreased, but tensile strength and compression strength improved. The observation of rabbit nasal after surgical suggested that polyvinyl acetal sponge modified by chitosan has antiphlogistic, hemostatic and non - adherent characteristic, and can promote the healing and recovering of the nasal mucosa.