中文摘要：

基于电沉积和层层自组装技术，提出了一种新的生物分子固定化方法，研制成一种高灵敏电位型乙肝表面抗原免疫传感器。利用L-半胱胺酸（LCys）的双官能团结合双层纳米金，从而通过比表面积大，生物相容性好的纳米金胶吸附大量抗体，同时用聚乙烯醇缩丁醛（PVB）薄膜的笼效应把乙肝表面抗体（HBsAb）和纳米金固定在玻碳电极上，从而制得了高灵敏度、高稳定性的电位型免疫传感器。采用循环伏安法（CV）对电极的层层自组装过程进行了考察，并对该免疫传感器的性能进行了详细的研究。该免疫传感器线性范围是8．5～256．0ng／mL，线性相关系数为0．9978，灵敏度为89．0，检出限为3．1ng／mL。已用于病人的血清样品分析。

英文摘要：

A novel potentiometric immunosensor for the detection of hepatitis B surface antigen （HBsAg） has been developed by means of electrodeposition and self-assembly techniques. L-cysteine was combined with bilayer gold nanoparticle by its - SH and - NH2 group. A large amount of hepatitis B surface antibody （HBsAb） was adsorbed by gold nanoparticle and embeded in the PVB firmly because of cage effect of polyvinyl butyral （PVB）. Then a potentiometric immunosensor with good sensitivity and stability was prepared. The characteristics of the modified electrode at different stages of modification were studied by cyclic vohammetry （ CV）. The resulting immunosensor exhibits wide linear range from 8.5 to 256.0 ng/mL with a detection limit of 3.1 ng/mL. The immunosensor was used to analyze the serum samples with satisfactory results.