中文摘要：

目的分析食管胃底静脉曲张破裂出血患者短期预后的危险与保护因素。方法将2011年5月~2013年5月收治的175例肝硬化食管胃底静脉曲张破裂出血患者分为出院时生存（生存组）164例和住院期间死亡（死亡组）11例,并分析两组的临床资料。结果生存组患者仅1次出血比例明显高于死亡组（P〈0.05）,≥2次比例则明显低于死亡组（P〈0.05）;Child-Push分级A、B级比例均明显比死亡组高（P〈0.05）,C级比例明显比死亡组低（P〈0.05）;MELD评分明显比死亡组低（P〈0.05）;血白细胞计数、国际标准化比率（INR）均明显比死亡组低（P〈0.05）;血钠明显比死亡组高（P〈0.05）,凝血酶原时间明显比死亡组短（P〈0.05）。结论肝硬化食管胃底静脉曲张破裂出血的短期预后危险因素包括出血次数、Child-Push分级、MELD评分、血白细胞计数、凝血酶原时间;保护因素包括血钠、血白蛋白。

英文摘要：

Objective To analyze the risk factors and protective factors of short-term prognosis of patients with bleeding esophageal varices.Methods The clinical data of 175 patients with cirrhosis and esophageal variceal bleeding were statistically analyzed.Results The bleeding with a number of the sub-survival group was significantly higher（P〈0.05）.More than 2times bleeding of survival group was significantly lower than the death group（P〈0.05）.The proportion of Child-Push graded A,B grade of survival group were significantly higher（P〈0.05）than that of the death group.The proportion of Child-Push C level of survival group was significantly lower than that of the death group（P〈0.05）.MELD score of survival group was significantly lower that of the death group（P〈0.05）.The blood cell count and international normalized ratio（INR）of survival group were significantly lower than that of death group（P〈0.05）.The prothrombin time of survival group was significantly shorter than that of the death group（P〈0.05）.The proportion of Child-Push grade A and grade B of was significantly lower than grade C（P〈0.05）.Conclusion The risk factors of cirrhosis and esophageal varices bleeding short-term prognostic include the number of bleeding,Child-Push classification,MELD score,white blood cell count,prothrombin time,while the protective factors include serum sodium,serum albumin,prothrombin activity degrees.