中文摘要：

基于“压力-状态-响应”（PSR）模型和多层次模糊综合评价模型,选取24个水环境指标,建立了重庆市水环境安全评价体系,在利用熵权法计算各指标的权重之后,采用模糊综合评价方法对重庆市水环境安全度进行了评价。结果表明：2004～2014年重庆市水环境安全度呈波动上升的趋势,2004～2008年安全度不断提高,从极不安全到基本安全状态,2008～2013年为基本安全状态,2014年最高,处于安全状态,10 a间水环境质量逐步改善;在压力层方面,安全状态比较稳定;在状态层方面,水环境安全度从2004年的基本安全状态降低为2014年的极不安全状态;在响应层方面,水环境安全度逐步提高,从2004年的极不安全到2014年的安全状态,环保投资、污水处理率的大幅度提高是响应层安全度提高的最主要原因,响应层安全度变化趋势与水环境综合安全度变化趋势基本一致。为了进一步提高重庆市水环境安全度,重庆市政府需要继续在环保投资、森林覆盖率、污水处理措施等方面做出积极响应。

英文摘要：

Based on ＂Pressure- State -Response＂ and Multilevel Fuzzy Comprehensive Evaluation Models, with 24 environ- mental indicators, the assessment system of water environment security for Chongqing is established and the weight indexes in the system are calculated by entropy method. With the system, the water environment security of Chongqing is assessed. The results showed that the water safety index presented a rising trend with fluctuations during 2004 -2014 ; the water environment security Was increasing during 2004 - 2008 from insecure to basically secure; the water environment security during 2008 -2013 was in basic security ; in 2014, the security level reached the highest level of security ; from 2004 - 2014, the water environment quality was improved gradually. In the view of pressure level, the security state was stable ; in the view of state level, the security state deteriorated from basic security to extremely insecurity during 2004 - 2014 ; in the view of response level, the water environment security was upgraded from very insecure in 2004 to secure in 2014, mainly due to the substantial increase in environment protec- tion investment and sewage treatment rate. The variation trend of response level was basically consistent with the comprehensive security. In order to further improve the water environment security of Chongqing, the government should take positive measures in environmental investment, increasing forest coverage, sewage processing rate, etc.