中文摘要：

贝类的远缘杂交起源于牡蛎，至今已经有130多年研究历史，其研究主要集中在经济价值较高的巨蛎属牡蛎的种间杂交上。作者在分析同类研究的基础上，结合近年来的研究结果，综述了国内外牡蛎种间杂交研究成果及其存在问题。具体内容包括种间配子兼容性分析、表型性状评估、杂种遗传鉴定、杂种优势估算、杂交不育格局、异源多倍体诱导及种间回交等几方面的研究进展和要点，并展望了牡蛎种间杂交的应用前景，以期为牡蛎种间杂交及遗传分析、优质苗种繁育及育种等方面研究和应用提供科学依据和实践参考。

英文摘要：

The distant hybridization of mollusk originated from oyster with 130 years＇ history. Moreover, both the prospects and problems for interspecific hybridization of oyster were summarized on the basis of the numerous attempts and recent research results. Generally, interspecific hybridization can generate transgressive hybrid phenotypes, which have extreme trait values exceeding the combined range of the parental species. Such as increasing growth rate, increasing harvest ability, increasing environmental tolerances, and increasing overall hardiness in culture conditions. Numerous attempts at hybridization in the genus Crassostrea have been reported,most of them suffer from several problems. In this review,the authors summarized up the past of works and pointed out the new aspects as follows ： （1）Confirmation the taxonom of oyster;（2） Gametic compatibility：including one direction or two directions in fertilization and fertilized strength; （3）Evaluating the phenotypic character; （4） Genetic identification for hybrids; （5）Heterosis examination; （6）Analysis of the patterns of hybrid sterility; （7）Alloploidy induction; （8） Interspecific hybridization ; （9）Questions and prospects. Finally, we must indicate that the opinion of unviable hybrid larvae was inaccurate,and a lager number of hybrids were able to obtain in certain environments. Key issues in the interspecific hybridization required to carefully consider and carry out it in the genus Crassostrea. Trustingly, interspecific hybridization will be a good tool to improve phenotypic traits with modifying genes from two parents to the hybrids;and these were made as the excellent research materials for the molecular, cellular and evolutionary biology.