中文摘要：

中国的塔吉克族在历史发展中逐渐丧失了自己本民族的文字，成为我国有语言而无文字的特殊民族之一。在长期发展过程中，受民族分布格局和人文环境等因素的影响，塔吉克民族在语言使用上普遍呈现多语化的现象。“天生的翻译家”———这一特殊身份不仅是对塔吉克民族自身文化适应性的反映，也从某种程度上反映了塔吉克民族在多元文化中的弱势和无奈。如何在经济文化发展的浪潮中保存塔吉克族的语言，不仅引起了学者的关注，也成为塔吉克民族自身不断反思的问题。基于塔什库尔干塔吉克自治县的调查，就此问题进行了探讨。

英文摘要：

Chinese Tajik lost their own native language gradually in the historical development , and became one of the special ethnic groups with language without writing in China .In the long process of development , influenced by national distribution pattern , humanistic environment and other factors , Tajik people underwent the lost and change of native lan-guage.How to preserve Tajik ethnic language in the economic and cultural development , both attracts the attention of schol-ars, and becomes a reflective question for Tajik people .Based on the research of Taxkorgan Tajik Autonomous County , the issue mentioned above is discussed in this article .