中文摘要：

目的：观察缺氧及在缺氧条件下运动对骨骼肌线粒体呼吸功能的影响，探讨在缺氧习服过程中，适当的运动锻炼促进机体高原习服的机制。方法：Wistar大鼠分为4组：平原对照组、缺氧组、平原运动组和缺氧复合运动组。缺氧复合运动组大鼠持续暴露于模拟海拔5000m高原5w，每天降至4000rn的高原进行游泳运动1h（6d／w），运动结束后回升至5000m；缺氧组大鼠同时在低压舱内相同海拔高度饲养，但不进行游泳运动；平原运动组和平原对照组在舱外同时饲养，其中平原运动组每天进行游泳运动1h（6d／w）。在末次运动结束后24h处死大鼠，分离大鼠腓肠肌提取线粒体。用Clark氧电极法测定线粒体呼吸功能，Western Blotting法测ATP合成酶d亚基蛋白表达。结果：与平原对照组比较，缺氧组腓肠肌线粒体ST3显著降低；缺氧复合运动组与缺氧组比较ST3、ST4、膜电位显著增高，ATP合成酶a亚基表达显著增加；平原运动组与对照组比较无显著差异。结论：慢性缺氧骨骼肌线粒体ATP合成能力降低，而缺氧复合运动后，骨骼肌线粒体ATP合成能力增强，这可能是缺氧复合运动促进高原习服的线粒体适应机制。

英文摘要：

Objective：To investigate the effects of training in hypobaric hypoxia on rat muscle mitochondrial function Methods：Wistar rats were randomized into 4 groups： control（C）, hypoxic group （H）, exercise group （E） and hypoxia - combined exerdse group （HE）. Bath H and HE groups were subjected to simulated 5000 m hypobaric hypoxia for 5 weeks （24 h/d）, but the animals of HE group would be descended to 4000 m and swam for 1 h each day （6 d/w）. Both C and E group were kept under normobaric conditions. The swimming program of E group was the .same as HE group. All animals were sacrificed at 4 000 m （H and HE groups） or in plain （C and E groups） after 24 h the last bout of exercise training Mitochondria of these animals were isolated from hind - limb skeletal muscle. Mitochondrial oxidative respiratory function was measured by Clark oxygen electrode and the protein exprexsion of ATP synthase a subunit was detected by Western blot analysis. Results：The levels of mitochondrial state 3 respiration （ST3） and ATP synthase α subunit in skeletal muscle of H group were lower t Than those of C group. Compared with H group, ST3, mitochondrial membrane potential and ATP synthase α subunit of HE group increased. Between C group and HE group, these indexes were similar. Conclusion： High altitude hypoxia can induce decrease of ATP production capadty in rats, but the exercise training at high altitude can prevent this decrease, which may be a mechanism of mitochondrial acclimation to high altitude hypoxia.