中文摘要：

电堆或单电池的组件在长期使用过程中,会出现损耗或功能性退化现象,严重影响发电系统的输出性能和安全可靠性。这种现象的形成有着复杂的内在因素,所造成的输出性能下降形式也难以简单描述。该文首先根据伏–安（V-I）特性曲线各阶段的不同特点,初步研究了组件退化现象对输出性能的影响机制。其次,提出一种基于曲线函数比较的数学方法,实现输出性能下降程度的量化计算。最后,针对多个相同规格、不同使用程度的燃料电池堆,设计实验验证算法有的效性。

英文摘要：

Functional degradation and loss can be occured to the assemblies of fuel cells or stack during operation process,it has a serious influence on the output performance and security of power supply system.This phenomenon results from lots of complex causes,and the output performance variety can not be described simply.The influence mechanism between the phenomenon to the output performance was researched according to every phase characteristic of V-I curve at first.Then,a kind of mathematical method based on function comparison was developed to achieve quantitative calculation for performance variety.Finally,an experiment was designed to calculate performance variety.The experiment results indicate that the method is effective.