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中文摘要：
清代在新疆设置管辖天山南北的总统伊犁等处将军（简称伊犁将军）,在统辖新疆150年间实行屯垦戍边的基本方略,对当时解决新疆的民生和生态问题取得了巨大成功,产生了积极影响,但同时对后世生态环境也有一定的负面影响。用科技哲学、社会发展哲学的理论观点,科学分析清代伊犁将军执掌新疆期间对民生改善和生态建设的功过利弊,对当代新疆的借鉴给予新评价、新观点、新结论和新对策,为中央和新疆自治区各级党政领导开展新疆民生和生态建设科学决策提供咨询参考,具有重大的学术价值和实践意义。
英文摘要：
The Imperial Court of the Qing dynasty set up General Yili Office in charge of Tainshan area in Xinjiang, which lasted for 150 years and carried out the policy of reclamation of wasteland and borderland defense. This policy helped improve the local people＇s livelihood and ecological environment though some negative influence remained. With the help of the theories of philosophy and social development, this paper discusses the merits and defects of General Yili Office in terms of livelihood and ecological construction, which has much theoretical and practical implications to the current democratic and ecological construction of Xinjiang under the guidance of the Central Government and local governments at all levels.
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