中文摘要：

血管系统功能紊乱是微重力诱导立位耐力不良发生的重要因素之一。血管内皮细胞是覆盖在血管内壁上组成血管管腔面的一层单层细胞，是血管壁的重要组成部分，并且在血管功能调控中起到渗透屏障、调节舒缩等重要作用。近年研究发现，微重力可对不同部位的血管系统和血管内皮细胞产生不同的影响，比如可使脑动脉缩血管反应性增加、舒血管反应性下降，颈动脉和腹主动脉缩血管和舒血管反应性下降，肺动脉缩血管反应性下降、舒血管反应性增加，肠系膜动静脉和下肢动脉缩血管反应性下降。另外，微重力可促进大血管来源的内皮细胞生长，但抑制微血管来源的内皮细胞的生长。本文就微重力对血管及血管内皮细胞影响的研究进展作一概述。

英文摘要：

The dysfunction of vascular system is one of the main causes of orthostatic intolerance induced by microgravity.Vascular endothelial cell is a single layer on the inner wall of the blood vessel and is the important component of the blood vessel wall.Vascular endothelial cell plays a pivotal role in the regula-tion of vascular functions, such as serving as a permeability barrier, regulating vasoconstriction and vaso-dilatation.Recent studies have demonstrated that microgravity may have different effects on vascular sys-tem and vascular endothelial cells in different parts of the body, such as increasing vasoconstrictor reac-tivity and decreasing vasodilator reactivity of cerebral arteries, decreasing vasoconstrictor and vasodilator reactivity of carotid and abdominal aortic arteries, decreasing vasoconstrictor reactivity and increasing vas-odilator reactivity of pulmonary arteries, decreasing vasoconstrictor reactivity of mesenteric arteries and veins and lower extremity arteries.In addition, microgravity can promote the growth of vascular endotheli-al cells in the large vessels and inhibit the growth of microvascular endothelial cells.This paper summa-rized the research progress in the effects of microgravity on blood vessels and vascular endothelial cells.