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中文摘要：
目的研究宫内传播中乙型肝炎病毒前S／S基因的突变，探讨宫内感染乙型肝炎病毒与HBV基因突变的关系。方法根据随访确定新生儿是否发生宫内感染，将HBsAg阳性母亲分为病例组和对照组，经PCR扩增HBVDNA，基因克隆、测序，分析前S／S基因的突变。结果共得到60株HBV病毒株序列，所有毒株均属于C基因亚型、adr亚型；16个位点的突变在宫内感染组母亲及其新生儿中没有或很少发生，在对照组母亲中发生率较高，其中nt2749、3086、309、676、684、3114、70、161、308、213、373、405位点突变在3组中的发生率差异有统计学意义。结论所有病毒株前S／S基因均存在突变，某些突变位点在非宫内感染组母亲中的发生率较高，HBV宫内感染的发生可能与某些位点基因是否发生突变或其所在的功能区是否发生变化有关。
英文摘要：
Objective To investigate the relationship between HBV intrauterine infection and gene mutation by analysis of HBV preS/S gene sequence. Methods According to whether neonate was infected by HBV in uterus in follow-ups, their HBsAg positive mothers were divided into intrauterine infection group and non-intrauterine infection group. PreS/S gene of HBV was amplified by polymerase chain reaction （PCR）, then the PCR products were cloned and sequenced. The sequences were compared with each other between groups. Results All 60 HBV strain sequences were genotype C and subtype adr. There were 16 positions at which the mutation rate was few in the intrauterine infection group, nt2749, 3086, 309, 676, 684, 3114, 70, 161, 308, 213, 373, 405 in non-intrauterine infection group was higher than that of intrauterine infection group and significant statistically in the incidence varialion. Conclusions All the strains have the gene mutation. Some gene position＇s mutation rate in non-intrauterine infection group is higher than that of other groups. Some gene position＇s mutation might have association with the HBV intrauterine infection.
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