中文摘要：

利用人工诱变和体细胞再生技术,选育出可在30℃下生长的坛紫菜耐高温品（Q-1）,实验结果表明：（1）在高温（28℃和30℃）下培养15d,Q-1品系的壳孢子成活率分别为76.8%和60.1%,分裂率分别为100%和83%;而对照组野生型（WT）品系的壳孢子成活率分别为15.9%和6.7%,分裂率分别为90.4%和63.8%。Q-1品系的壳孢子成活率和分裂率均远高于WT品系。（2）在常温（24℃）下培养35d的Q-1和WT品系壳孢子苗,在24℃、28℃和30℃组中再分别培养25d,Q-1品系的苗平均体长分别增加了19.4、10.8和2.8倍,而WT品系的苗平均体长分别只增加了7.3、1.7和0.9倍;Q-1品系的苗平均体长分别为WT品系的2.5、5.8和1.9倍。另外,在28℃和30℃中培养15d的WT品系幼苗发生了大面积腐烂;而Q-1品系幼苗没有出现任何烂苗迹象,表现出较好的生长。Q-1品系在海区中试中也表现出很好的耐高温特性。2008年秋季,坛紫菜采苗后遇到了长时间的高温天气,当地传统养殖的坛紫菜野生种发生了大规模腐烂与脱苗,产量大幅度减少;而Q-1品系的苗仍然维持良好的生长势头,没有出现烂苗,取得了高产。由此证实,Q-1品系是既能较快生长又耐高温的品系,有很大的生产应用价值。

英文摘要：

Porphyra haitanensis is one of the most important cultivars of marine algae in China,but its production and quality can be significantly jeopardized by execrable environments such as high temperature,therefore,selection of a heat-resistant strain will greatly benefit the nori industry. To this end,in the present study,we selected a meliorated strain Q-1 which has significant heat-tolerance to 30 ℃. Upon further characterizing the cultures of strains Q-1 and WT at 28 and 30 ℃,we show here that in a period of 15 days,the Q-1 conchospores survived at rates of 76.8% and 60.1%,respectively,while the WT conchospores survived at much lower rates of 15.9% and 6.7%. The Q-1 conchospores also divided at significantly higher rates of 100% and 83%,as compared with those of 90.4% and 63.8% for the WT conchospores,respectively. When the 35-day-old conchospore germlings were cultured at 24,28 and 30 ℃ for 25 days,the mean length of blades increased 19.4,10.8 and 2.8 times for Q-1,and only 7.3,1.7 and 0.9 times for WT compared with the original mean length,respectively. At 24,28 and 30 ℃,the blades of strain Q-1 grew 1.5,4.8 and 0.9 times faster than those of the WT,the blades of WT strain began to decay after being cultured for 15 days,however,the blades of Q-1 strain did not decay even being cultured for 25 days. The blades of Q-1 strain also showed excellent high-temperature tolerance during its large-scale cultivation in sea area. In the last autumn,the high temperature （28-30 ℃） continued for about two months after conchospore-seeding of Porphyra haitanensis,the blades of the WT decayed on a large scale and the production decreased significantly; while the blades of the Q-1 grew normally with rapid growth and did not decay,and the production was much higher than that of the WT. The above results indicated that the strain Q-1 is a fast growing and heat-resistant strain that may offer broad applications for the nori industry.