中文摘要：

【目的】云南省在中国小麦秆锈病的大区传播与病害流行中起着关键作用,一旦Ug99及其变异体入侵中国,极大可能会首先在本地区定植、增殖、向其他麦区传播,引起全国小麦秆锈病新的流行。因此,论文旨在分析云南省主要生产后备品种及CIMMYT抗Ug99的材料对中国小麦秆锈菌小种的抗性及含有Ug99抗病基因情况,为抗病品种布局提供指导。【方法】于2013年10月至2014年3月在沈阳农业大学植物植保学院玻璃温室中,将119份云南省小麦品种（系）、20份经国外穿梭鉴定抗Ug99的材料及感病对照小密穗分别在直径为10 cm泥盆中播种,小麦一叶一心时,用中国小麦秆锈菌流行小种21C3HTTTM、34MRGQM和1个经有性过程的新小种34C3RTGQM进行喷粉接种、保湿箱保湿并在15—26℃（夜/昼）的温室环境里孵育。约两周后,当感病品种小密穗充分发病时,按照0—4级标准调查记载侵染型：（0-2＋级记为抗病、3--4记为感病）,对供试小麦品种（系）的抗秆锈性进行评价。同时,分别剪取各个未接种的供试材料幼叶组织进行基因组DNA提取、利用文献报道的4个抗Ug99基因的分子标记（Sr22、Sr25、Sr26和Sr28）进行PCR扩增、2.0%的琼脂糖凝胶电泳及聚丙烯酰胺电泳对目标抗病基因进行分子检测。【结果】在119份云南省小麦材料中,有42份材料对参试小麦秆锈菌小种表现出差异性抗性（占35.3%）,其中表现免疫-近免疫的有6份（5%）,表现高抗-中抗的有36份（30.3%）。剩余77份材料均表现感病,其中高度感病的有42份（占35.2%）,中度感病的有35份（占29.4%）,而20份抗Ug99的种质中对全部参试小种表现中度和高度感病的材料也各有2份（均占10%）。对全部139份小麦材料用4个抗病基因进行分子标记检测表明,有2份CIMMYT的材料被检出含Sr25、1份材料含有Sr26、1份材料含有Sr28。有12份云南省小麦品种（系）被检出含?

英文摘要：

【Objective】 Wheat growing region in Yunnan Province of Southwestern China plays a pivotal role in spread andepidemic of wheat stem rust disease in China. Thus, once Ug99 and its lineage mutants invade in China, it is highly possible that the pathogen will preferably colonize, repeatedly reproduce and disseminate to entire country. The objective of this study is to clarify the resistant levels of the main wheat cultivars（lines） in Yunnan Province and the Ug99-resistant materials of CIMMYT to wheat stem rust races in China and those Ug99-resistant genes contained in these wheat materials, and to provide guidance for the layout of the resistant varieties.【Method】From Oct., 2013 to Mar., 2014, all of the 119 wheat varieties（lines） from Yunnan Province and 20 of Ug99 resistant materials including the susceptible control Little Club（LC）, were sown in the 10 cm diameter clay pots, when the primary leaves were fully expanded or at about 7-day-old seedlings, they were inoculated using talc-urediospore powder mixture of the common races 21C3 HTTTM, 34 MRGQM and a new race 34C3 RTGQM which was obtained from an aecia sample on barberry,maintained humidity overnight in humid chamber, and then transferred to greenhouse for incubation at 15-26℃（night/day）. About two weeks later, when the pustules on LC could be scored into type ‘4＇, the infection types（ITs） on test cultivars（lines） were investigated and recorded. The IT standard was determined in accordance with ‘0-4＇（0-2＋ being resistant and 3--4 being susceptible）.The IT data were used to appraise the resistance of the tested materials. In addition, the primary leaf tissue of each healthy test cultivar（line） was taken to extract genomic DNA, amplified with the reported specific primer pair of Ug99 resistant genes（Sr22,Sr25, Sr26 and Sr28） and detected through 2.0% agarose gel electrophoresis as well as polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis for the resistance gene marker（s） to figure out those genes carried in tested cul