中文摘要：

网络资源最优分配除了要提高资源的利用率外，还应该实现面向服务、以用户为中心的资源分配目标，从而达到网络资源的公平分配，最大程度的满足用户的满意度．为了实现上述分配目标，文中考虑了多路径网络的资源公平分配问题，将多路径网络效用最大化模型分解为3个独立的子问题，而每个子问题其实对应于互联网体系结构的一层，并阐述了各个子问题的经济学含义．分析了用户所支付的价格和路径所收取的价格之间的关系，并提出了一类流量控制算法，通过该算法可以得到网络资源的最优公平分配．同时，考虑了算法在实际网络中的具体实现，并提出了基于窗口的流量控制机制．

英文摘要：

As for optimal resource allocation in networks, resource usage efficiency should be im- proved, and more importantly, the optimum with service-oriented and user-centralized objective should also be achieved, so that the users＇ satisfaction can be attained at the optimal fair resource allocation. In order to obtain the objective, this paper considers fair resource allocation in mul- tipath networks. Three independent sub-problems are derived from the resource allocation model for multipath networks and interpreted from an economic point of view, of which each corre sponds to the objective of one layer in the Internet. The relationship between the prices charged by paths and those paid by users is analyzed, and a novel rate-based flow control algorithm is proposed, which can achieve the optimum within reasonable convergence times. As for the end- to-end implementation in Internet, a window-based flow control mechanism is also presented since it is more convenient to implement than rate-based flow control.