中文摘要：

复合绝缘子的耐污闪性能主要受硅橡胶材料的憎水性和憎水迁移特性的影响,复合绝缘子人工污秽试验中,不溶污秽的特性对硅橡胶的憎水迁移性有很大的影响,因此在复合绝缘子人工污秽试验中选用合适的不溶污秽对试验结果的可对比性具有至关重要的意义。对6种不同硅藻土在高温硫化硅橡胶（HTV）和室温硫化硅橡胶（RTV）表面进行了憎水迁移性试验,研究了不同硅藻土特性对材料憎水迁移性的影响,并进行了不同污秽类型的电镜扫描和比（BET）表面积、孔隙度的研究。试验结果表明,不同的硅藻土对硅橡胶表面憎水性的迁移速度有很大的影响,且与其微观特性有着比较好的相关性。根据试验结果对人工污秽试验所用硅藻土的特征值进行了推荐。该文的研究结果可以作为分析硅橡胶材料憎水迁移特性的参考,同时也为复合绝缘子人工污秽试验的标准制定提供了一定的依据。

英文摘要：

The excellent flashover performance of composite insulator is due to the hydrophobicity and hydrophobicity transfer of silicone rubber material. In artificial pollution tests, the property of inert materials has a great effect on hydrophobicity transfer. Thus, in order to make artificial pollution tests from different institutes comparable, it is necessary to choose proper inert material for artificial pollution test. Consequently, selecting 6 different kinds of kieselguhr, we studied the hydrophohicity transfer properties on HTV （high temperature vulcanization~ and RTV （room temperature vulcanization）. Moreover, we used SEM, BET surface area and porosity instrument to study the microstructures of different kinds of kieselguhr. The results show that hydrophobicity transfer of different kinds of kieselguhr varied considerably, and the difference is mostly due to their difference in microstructure. A recommendation of the property of kieselguhr used in artificial pollution test is presented. The results can not only be used to study the mechanism of hydrophobicity transfer of silicone rubber, but also provide a certain basis for establishing standards for artificial pollution test of composite insulators.