人类社会正在面临由于自身活动排放温室气体所导致的有史以来最严重的气候变化问题,它将直接威胁到人类的可持续发展。作为CO2减排的主力军,电力行业实现低碳化发展具有重要的现实意义与战略意义。对减排具有重大意义的碳排放交易及碳排放权分配问题一直是各界人士研究的焦点。首先在分析全球CO2排放现状及预测的基础上,阐述了美国、欧盟及中国电力工业减排的典型实践。其次,根据相关研究提出电力工业碳排放权的2种额度分配模型,并加以比较。分析表明,2种模型各有其适用范围,建议根据实际酌情采用。
The human is facing the most serious issue of climate change ever brought by greenhouse gas emissions due to their own activities, which direct threats to the sustainable development of mankind. As the main force of reducting carbon emissions, the power industry to achieve low-carbon technology development is of important practical and strategic significance. Carbon emissions trading and carbon emission allocation issue have always been the focuses of all relative research. Firstly, the status and forecast of global carbon dioxide emissions is analyzed. Then, the typical practice of the electric power industry emissions in United States, European Union and China are described respectively. Finally, two kinds of carbon emissions allocation model are presented and compared, according to relative research.h is suggested that both models have their own scope of application.