中文摘要：

通过中频无芯感应炉,在无保护气氛的大气中熔炼铸造制备Al质量分数为0%、1.5%、2%、3%的304不锈钢,并对其进行1 050℃,保温45min的固溶处理,利用X射线衍射仪、光学显微镜、电子探针（EPMA）、扫描电镜（SEM）、拉伸试验和腐蚀试验,研究不同Al质量分数304不锈钢的组织和性能.结果表明：304不锈钢中加入Al元素后合金的组织由奥氏体＋少量的骨骼状的δ铁素体逐渐转变为奥氏体＋铁素体双相组织,当含Al质量分数为3.0%时,304不锈钢的基体组织转变为铁素体和在铁素体晶界上分布着的少量奥氏体.固溶态高铝304不锈钢的性能优于铸态性能,含Al质量分数1.5%的固溶态304不锈钢具有最优的力学性能和耐腐蚀性能,与未加铝的304相比,各种性能均得到较大提高.

英文摘要：

304stainless steel with Al additions of 0%,1.5%,2% and 3% was prepared by means of melting it in medium frequency coreless furnace in atmosphere without protective gas and then casted in sand mold and processed with solid solution treatment at1 050 ℃for 40 min.The microstructure and performance of aluminum-added 304 stainless steel were investigated with SEM,optical microscopy,XRD,EPMA,tensile test,and corrosion test.The result showed that the alloying structure of 304 stainless steel with addition of Al element would gradually transform from austenite plus a minute amount of skeletonshapedδ-ferrite intoα＋γbiphasic structure.When the mass-fraction of Al was 3.0%,its matrix structure would transform into ferrite and a minute amount of austenite on the grain boundary.The performance of solid-solution-state 304 stainless steel would be superior to that of as-cast steel.When the aluminum content was 1.5%,the aluminum-added 304 stainless steel would have most excellent mechanical properties and intergranular corrosion resistance.Compared with the 304 stainless steel without aluminum,its various performance would be improved to a larger extent.