中文摘要：

了解细胞膜的水分渗透性质对优化红细胞低温保存方案具有指导意义。采用差示扫描量热技术得到红细胞在特定低温保护剂中在降温过程的体积变化，将实验得到的差示扫描量热数据代入水分传递模型拟合，确定红细胞在生理赫水、20％二甲基亚砜、10％甘油及20％甘油中对水的渗透率和水分渗透过程的表观活化能。将以上参数用于模拟红细胞在0．5-50℃／min问以恒定速率冷却时的水分传递状况，由此预测红细胞在20％二甲基亚砜中最佳降温速度为5．2℃／min，在10％甘油及20％甘‘油中则分别为5．5℃／min和4．6℃／min。

英文摘要：

Optimization of human red blood cells （RBCs） cryopreservation protocols requires an understanding of the water permeability characteristics. Volume shrinkage during freezing of RBCs can be obtained by using a shape-independent differential scanning calorimeter （DSC） technique. By fitting the water transport model to the experimentally obtained DSC data, the best- fit membrane permeability parameters （reference membrane permeability to water and the activation energy） in normal saline, 20 % dimethyl sulfoxide （Me2SO）, 10% glycerol and 20% glycerol were determined. These parameters were then used to simulate water transport of RBCs at constant cooling rates between 0.5-50℃/min. The simulation results showed ＂optimal cooling rate＂ for erythrocytes were 5.2 ℃/rain, 5.5 ℃/min and 4.6 ~C/min in 20 % Me2SO, 10% and 20% glycerol respectively,