中文摘要：

单基因遗传病（简称单基因病）种类、分型繁多,常规诊断难以确诊,而基因诊断技术在遗传病特别是单基因病的确诊、分型等方面都发挥着不可或缺的作用。近一、二十年来,基因诊断技术进展迅猛,各种检测方法层出不穷。本文重点围绕基因诊断技术的最新进展进行综述,以期对临床诊断和预防工作提供一些有益的启示。

英文摘要：

Monogenic diseases are caused by inheritance of single mutated gene, but the type of the diseases are diversified depending on the type and locus of genetic mutation inherited. While conventional laboratory methods may contribute to an initial identification, a definitive diagnosis and classification of these inherited disorders often need molecular/genetic testing. In the past twenty years, diagnostic techniques for the genetic disorders have rapidly advanced, leading to the invention of many laboratory tests for the detection of genetic disorders. In this article, we review the recent advance in the diagnostic modalities for the genetic disorders, in hope of setting light on improvement of the clinical diagnosis and prevention.