中文摘要：

以甲苯、乙基苯、异丙基苯为原料,ZnCl2和盐酸为催化剂,多聚甲醛和盐酸组成氯甲基化试剂,通过氯甲基化反应合成了甲基苄氯、乙基苄氯和异丙基苄氯.探讨了原料比、催化剂用量、反应温度、反应时间等因素对烷基苯氯甲基化反应的影响,确定了烷基苯氯甲基化反应的最佳条件为:烷基苯与多聚甲醛的摩尔比为4∶1,催化剂ZnCl2的摩尔用量为多聚甲醛的0.6倍,盐酸用量为6 mL,反应温度为60℃,反应时间为6 h;在此条件下3种苄氯的收率分别可达84.9%、90.6%和86.7%.

英文摘要：

Methyl,ethyl and isopropylbenzyl chloride were synthesized by chloromethylation of the corresponding alkylbenzenes and polyformaldehyde catalyzed by ZnCl2 and HCl.The effects of the ratio of raw materials,the amount of catalyst,reaction temperature and time on the chloromethylation of alkylbenzenes were discussed.Under the optimum reaction conditions,i.e.,the mole ratio of alkylbenzenes to polyformaldehyde is 4∶1,mole ratio of ZnCl2 catalysts to polyformaldehyde is 0.6∶1,reaction temperature of 60 ℃ and rea...