中文摘要：

传统语法主要采用定性方法对语言作出描述，而计量语言学采用统计方法，利用（经过句法标注的）语料库对语言进行定量分析，是对语言进行精确研究的有效途径。以俄罗斯科学院编制的STR树库为数据来源，通过从树库中提取由名词充当支配词构成的名词性结构的相关数据，对名词性结构的基本类型、词序特征及其句法功能进行统计分析，得到了三个研究结果：一是验证了传统语法中已有的定论；二是使这些定论得到了更为精确的阐释；三是发现了传统研究方法难以发现的一些俄语名词的结构规律。由此可见，采用计量方法对词类的句法进行研究，不仪可以从定量的角度对传统语法中的有关论述加以补充与完善，而且具有语占类型学的意义。

英文摘要：

Abstract： While traditional grammar mainly employs qualitative methods in mgmstm descriptions, quantitative linguistics depends on statistical methods. Quantitative linguistic analysis based on （syntactically-tagged） corpora Can not only test the established laws in grammatical studies but also yield more objective typological comparison of different languages and thus more precise description and explanation of the commonality and diversity of human languages. With the STR treebank built by the Russian Academy of Sciences as data source, this paper extracts data concerning nominal structures with nouns as governors, analyzes statistically the basic types and word-order properties of the nominal structures and dependency relations which nouns can govern, and draws the following precise conclusions from the perspective of quantitative analysis： （1） Russian is a dependent-final language, with 64.41% of the dependents occurring after their governors; （2） the major types of nominal structures in Russian are concordant attribute and non-concordant attribute relations, their percentages being 40.49 % and 32.02% respectively% （3） word orders in the Russian nominal structures tend to follow certain patterns, with A（w）S（g） structures mostly （96. 51%） dependent-initial and the other three types dependent-final. Besides, statistical analysis of the dependency distances of nominal structures has shown that different structures vary in dependency distance, reflecting different degrees of proximity between the words. Analysis of the composition of high-frequency dependency relations has proved that nouns are a word class with the most diversified syntactic functions. On the basis of a quantitative investigation of Russian nouns, we have achieved three objectives. （1） the established statements in traditional grammar studies have been confirmed~ （2） these statements have been formulated more precisely~ （3） certain structural patterns ot＂ Russian nouns for which traditional methods