中文摘要：

Knoevenagel反应的副产物是水,微波、超声波、研磨等物理技术辅助的有机合成方法高效、节能、环保,使物理技术辅助的Knoevenagel反应非常符合绿色化学的要求。目前,Knoevenagel反应被广泛应用于有机合成中,各种物理辅助合成技术的涌现对于提高其产率、简化其操作、扩大其应用范围具有日益重要的作用。同时,利用研磨新技术进行Knoevenagel反应的工业化探索也开始引人注目。本文按微波、超声波、研磨等物理辅助技术的不同,综述了近年来Knoevenagel反应研究的新进展,特别是涉及多组分反应、串联反应的Knoevenagel反应在多杂环化合物合成中的新应用。为了使Knoevenagel反应更加绿色化,可以预见在未来的Knoevenagel反应研究中,基于上述物理技术的利用Knoevenagel反应的合成方法学研究与Knoevenagel反应的工业化研究值得重视。

英文摘要：

The by-product of Knoevenagel reaction is water,and the synthetic methods assisted with physical technologies,such as microwave （MW）,ultrasound （US） and grinding have many advantages including high efficiency,saving energy,and environmental friendliness,which make the Knoevenagel reaction meet the request of green chemistry very much.Now,Knoevenagel reaction has been widely used in organic synthesis,and the emergence of a variety of physical assistive technologies has increasingly important effects on Knoevenagel reaction,especially in the fields of increasing the reaction yield,simplifying the experimental operation,and expanding its application scope.At the same time,the importance has been attached to the exploration on the industrialization of Knoevenagel reaction via grinding.Based on the classification of physical assistive technologies,such as MW,US and grinding,the recent progress in Knoevenagel reaction,especially the new application in the synthesis of multiheterocyclic compounds via multi-component reactions （MCR ） or tandem reaction including in Knoevenagel reaction has been reviewed.In the future,in order to make Knoevenagel reaction more environmentally friendly,both synthetic methodology research and industrialization research of Knoevenagel reaction based on the above physical assistive technologies are noteworthy in the research on Knoevenagel reaction.