中文摘要：

目的研究长时间光谱剥夺后豚鼠光感受器超微结构的变化,探讨色觉发育的可塑性。方法将出生3d的30只豚鼠随机分为3组,分别置于与两种视锥细胞吸收光谱波峰值相适应的绿光（530nm）、紫光（400nm）及白色混合光下照射8周后,电镜观察各组背侧、腹侧视网膜光感受器的超微结构改变。结果绿光照射组视网膜背侧与腹侧相比,与对照组背侧相比,紫光照射组视网膜腹侧与背侧相比,及与对照组腹侧相比,光感受器细胞体长度无明显变化（P〉0.05）;外节长度明显减少（P〈0.01）,膜盘部分空泡化;内节长度增加（P〈0.01）,线粒体变丰富;光感受器细胞核变大（P〈0.01）。结论绿光照射组背侧视网膜和紫光照射组腹侧视网膜光感受器超微结构变化一致,可能是光感受器细胞对光谱剥夺的一种适应性反应,这为色觉发育的可塑性提供了解剖学证据。

英文摘要：

Objective The aim of present paper was to investigate the changes of ultrastructure of photoreceptors under the long-time illumination of monochromatic light in guinea pig,and explore the plasticity of development of color vision.MethodsThirty 3-day-old guinea pigs were randomized into 3 groups and exposed to green light （530 nm）,purple light （400 nm）,white light for 8 weeks respectively.The changes of ultrastructure of photoreceptors in dorsal and ventral retina were observed under the transmission electron microscope.ResultsCompared with those in autologous ventral retina and dorsal retina in control group,the photoreceptors of dorsal retina in green light irradiation group presented with shorter outer segments,partially vacuolated membrane disc of outer segments and abundant chondriosomes in inner segments and bigger nucleus,and the photoreceptors in purple light irradiation group showed the same features under the transmission electron microscope.ConclusionThe same changes of ultrastructure of photoreceptors can be seen in dorsal retina predominating green-sensitive cones and ventral retina predominating purple-sensitive cones.These results imply that this may be a kind of adaptive responses to long-term spectral deprivation.